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Establishment of Potable Water Systems in Underserved Communities
These include: rainfall; surface water resources (i.e., rivers, lakes, and reservoirs); and groundwater resources. The country has 18 major river basins and 421 principal river basins as defined by the National Water Regulatory Board (NWRB). In terms of groundwater, the country has an extensive groundwater reservoir. Groundwater resources are continuously recharged by rain and seepage from rivers and lakes. Rainfall in the Philippines ranges from 1,000 to 4,000 millimeters per year, of which 1,000-2,000 millimeters are collected as runoff by a natural topography of more than 421 principal rivers basins, some 59 natural lakes and numerous small streams. The freshwater storage capacity and the high rate of precipitation assure the country an adequate supply for its agricultural, industrial and domestic use. However, seasonal variations are considerable and geographic distribution is biased, often resulting in water shortages in highly populated areas, especially during dry season. In addition, water pollution, wasteful and inefficient use of water, saltwater intrusion, high non-revenue water levels due to leaks and illegal connections, and denudation of forest cover, are placing major strains on water resources. A study stated that combined with growing population pressures, it is becoming more difficult to provide basic water services. (Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism or PCIJ).
Meeting MDG number 7: ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER. The Philippines has committed to fulfilling the millennium development goals (MDGs) by the year 2015. Regarding MDG number 7, in particular, access to safe drinking water, a National Statistics Office (NSO) survey suggests that this area of focus has slightly improved over the years. The 2004 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) shows that access to safe drinking water slightly increased from 80.0 percent in 2002 to 80.2 percent in 2004.
The Philippines’ MDG target for 2015 is to ensure that 86.8 percent of the population will have access to safe water. The national government projects that given the current trend, there is a high probability that the target will be achieved. (Philippines Midterm Progress Report on the Millennium Development Goals 2007) On the contrary, Social Watch-Philippines1 emphasizes that most of the goals will not be fully met, judging from MDG performance for the past seven years. The 2006 report of UN-ESCAP, UNDP, and ADB reflects that the Philippines is falling behind in relation to other countries in Asia and the Pacific.
(Attaining the MDGs: Are we really on track? by Leonor Magtolis Briones, Social Watch)________________________ Please support Groups like: (PRRM), a non-government organization founded in 1952, has continued to implement development projects in partnership with local communities and their organizations. Its core program is good governance for sustainable development, with specific projects implemented in relation to the following components: * Organizing and leadership development * Sustainable local economic development 
Water situation in the Philippines. The Philippines obtains its water supply from different sources.
Although groundwater resources are generally abundant, the report says that over-extraction and poor environmental management of extractive resource industries such as mining and forestry have polluted downstream water sources and aquifers, caused siltation, and lowered water tables.

1A network of civil society organizations (CSOs) involved in monitoring progress towards the attainment of the MDGs. 
PRRM experience in potable water supply projects. The Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement
* Environment and natural resource management
* Basic social services systems development
* Advocacy and development cooperation
Cognizant of the lack of access to safe potable water, even from the decade of the 1990s, the PRRM, with funding partners overseas and with local communities, implemented several projects on the provision of potable water supply systems. The sites where such projects were implemented include rural communities in Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Negros Occidental, and Cotabato provinces. Funding partners included the German Agro-Action (Deutsche Welthungerhilfe), the UK-based Towns and Development, Inc., and the locally based Eagles Foundation.
II. Project Objectives and Targets
The project objectives are: · To provide financial and technical support to the building of community potable water systems in target rural communities; and · To ensure the sustained maintenance of the potable water projects by the local communities in partnership with their respective local government units.
Following are the outputs expected to be accomplished within the project’s duration: * Construction of 75 community potable water systems in 15 provinces; * Resolutions or ordinances by local (barangay and/or municipal) government units and/or community organizations committing to the maintenance of the projects; and
* Markers bearing the names of the donors.
III. Project Sites
The proposal is for the installation of 75 new water systems in the provinces of Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, Ilocos Sur, Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Cavite, Marinduque, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Albay, Negros Occidental, Iloilo, and the island-province of Camiguin.
Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, Ilocos Sur, Bataan and Nueva Ecija are provinces in the northern part of Luzon while Quezon, Cavite, and Marinduque are located in the southern part of Luzon. Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur and Albay are provinces in the Bicol region, also in southern Luzon. Iloilo and Negros Occidental are located in the Visayas while Camiguin is a part of Mindanao.
Each province will be allotted five safe water systems. The selection of the village/barangay will be done by PRRM's partner people’s organization in the area.
Figure 1. Map of the Philippines
showing the 15 target provinces
IV. Project Participants and Partners
In general, the participants and partners in this project will involve the local people, the local government units and PRRM. The organizational linkages are basically tripartite – a partnership between and among the local community and its organizations, the local government unit and PRRM. Following are the roles and tasks of the various parties involved in the project implementation:
a. The local community and people’s organizations (POs). Led by the main households and local
groups that will benefit from the potable water system, the target community will optimize the local practices of cooperation. They will mobilize and organize the work teams that will participate in the construction activities. They will also be expected to collect locally available construction materials such as lumber, bamboo, gravel, and sand. With the assistance of PRRM, they will lead in the solicitation of additional financial, technical, and policy support from their LGUs and local government agencies (LGAs) for the construction as well as maintenance of the potable water systems. All throughout the construction and post-construction activities, they will perform project monitoring and evaluation.
The communities will also be expected to select and assign a Community Water Technician who will be trained in the operation, maintenance and repair of the potable water systems. b. The LGUs and LGAs. The local government units and agencies – at the barangay, municipal and provincial levels – have the mandate and responsibility of providing sufficient and quality basic social services to their constituents. In this project, the concerned LGUs and LGAs in the project sites will be enjoined to provide the necessary financial, technical, logistical and policy support (e.g. services of the barangay tanod and the municipal engineer; dump truck for transport of materials to site). The POs and PRRM will coordinate in linking with these LGUs to ensure completeness and transparency of project implementation.
An equally important role of the LGUs is to enact resolutions or ordinances that will help the beneficiary communities ensure the proper operation and maintenance of the potable water systems, even after construction. c. PRRM. PRRM will serve to connect and link up the local communities, the LGUs and LGAs in implementing this project. It will also solicit the participation of local organizations and LGUs in the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the water units. Concretely, this will include the provision of organizing assistance to the local communities in forming their work teams and scheduling their tasks in project implementation. In cooperation with the local POs, PRRM will directly relate with the LGUs to ensure the completeness of material, logistical and manpower requirements, as well as official policy support.
While no direct cash assistance will be allocated by PRRM, it will assign a Project Coordinator from among its current staff to oversee the project. The Project Coordinator will relate with the local PRRM chapter2 in the covered provinces who, in turn, will assign their executive officer/president to perform local coordination and supervision of project activities. Each chapter will hire the services of a local technician/engineering supervisor who has experience in related water supply projects. This supervisor will ensure that the technical specifications of the water units will be sufficiently met3. S/he will also act as resource person and mentor to enhance the communities’ capabilities in the construction and maintenance of the wells. For project financial concerns, PRRM will assign a bookkeeper from among its current finance services staff to monitor and prepare financial reports. PRRM will also facilitate the conduct of the basic skills training for community water technicians, with the technical/engineering supervisors as resource persons and mentors.
In terms of project monitoring and evaluation, each of the local PRRM chapters will prepare a report on project updates and submit this to the Project Coordinator. The Project Coordinator will then prepare a consolidated report for submission to the donor. _________________________ Each chapter has its own set of officers who regularly report to PRRM’s Board of Trustees. Aside from hiring the services of a technical/engineering supervisor, PRRM will also request participation and assistance of the municipal engineering office for the provision of technical assistance to well construction and maintenance.
VI. Budget Plan
Budget Items Budget Assumptions Requested Amount Local Counterpart A. Community Mobilization 75,000.00 Total Community Mobilization 75,000.00
B. Construction of PWS 1,875,000.00
Lumber / Labor / Transport/hauling of materials / Supervision, transportation, per diem 225,000.00
6,000.00 Total Construction 2,106,000.00
C. Project Management Honorarium of 1 Project Coordinator PhP15,000/month x 4 months 60,000.00
Field monitoring and evaluation: Transportation PhP500/trip x 12 covered provinces in Luzon 6,000.00 Field monitoring and evaluation: Per diem 1 PC x 3 days x 12 trips x PhP225 8,100.00 2 copies x 200 = 400.00
Total Project Management 74,500.00
TOTAL 2,255,500.00
Courtesy calls and meetings with barangay and municipal LGUs to introduce the project and partners and to agree on financial, technical, logistical, policy, and labor counterparts 2 mtgs/brgy/mun. X 5 brgys/muns. X 15 provs. X 500
Materials for 5 units/brgy./mun. x 5,000.00/unit X 15 provinces 1 technical supervisor x 1 mo. X 15,000.00 x 15 provinces Basic skills training for community water technicians: Reproduction of reference materials 2 community leaders/brgy./mun. X 15 provinces = 30 pax x 200 Production of 2 printed copies of the project terminal report
V. IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING & EVALUATION PLAN PROJECT COMPONENTS AND ACTIVITIES Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Component 1: Community Mobilization
PRRM; partner people's organization
PRRM; partner people's organization
Component 2: Construction of PWS
Construction
Component 3: Project Management
Project technical/engineering supervision
Project monitoring and evaluation
PROJECT COMPONENTS AND ACTIVITIES Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 Courtesy calls; Coordination with LGU and local people's organization (POs); Formation of work teams; Work planning with work teams Consultation meetings with POs and LGUs Representation in official sessions of Barangay and Municipal Councils Pre-construction of PWS PRRM; partner people's organization and LGUs PRRM; partner people's organization and LGUs Basic skills training for local water supply technicians PRRM; partner people's organization and LGUs
PRRM; partner people's organization and LGUs PRRM; partner people's organization and LGUs Reports to LGUs and donor PRRM; partner people's organization and LGUs